此二字皆指「發生」或「出現」,但arise的使用範圍略為狹窄。
(1)據Webster's New Dictionary of Synonyms所言,arise多半具有特殊修辭色彩,其主語常為an argument、a problem、a quarrel、a doubt、a question、a difficulty、a disagreement等,茲舉三例:
New problems seem to arise every day.
似乎每天都出現新問題。
A democratic movement has arisen.
一場民主運動掀起了。
The question arises: What are we going to do when we get the equipment?
這就產生一個問題:我們有了設備,下一步應如何做?
(2)話雖如此,arise也可和accident連用,例如:
Accidents arise from carelessness.
意外起於粗心大意。
(《新世紀英漢辭典》)
(3)occur即happen或take place,但比較正式,例如:
When did the incident occur?
那事件何時發生的?
(4)occur也可和accident連用,例如:
The accident occurred yesterday morning.
意外發生在昨天早上。
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